Акакан хура тул: версисем пӗр-пӗринчен уйрӑлса тӑни
Контента кӑларса петӗмӗр Контента хушрӑмӑр
п r2.7.2+) (робот улăштарчĕ: hu:Közönséges hajdina |
пТӳрлетӗве ӑнлантарман |
||
1-мĕш йĕрке:
{{Taxobox
| name =Хура тулă
| image file = 메밀.JPG
| image title = Хура тулă
| image descr = Хура тулă
| regnum = Ӳсентăран
| divisio = [[Витĕннĕ вăрăллă]]
| classis = [[Икĕчрĕклĕ]]
| ordo = [[]]
| familia = [[Polygonáceae|Хура тулă йышĕ]]
| genus = [[Хура тулă]]
| | latin = {{btname|Fagopyrum|{{Ботаниксем|Mill.}}}}
|wikispecies = Fagopyrum
|commons = Category:Fagopyrum
|itis = 21281
|ncbi = 3616
|eol = 61879
|grin = 4602
|ipni = 32488-1
}}
'''Хура тулă''' (Fagopyrum) — хура тулă йышĕнчи ӳсентăрансен ăрачĕ. Хура тулăран '''хура тулă [[кĕрпе|кĕрпи]]́''' тăваççĕ.
Кĕске вăхăтра калчаланса ешерет (12-16 эрне), вăррисем 3½-7° Р. / 4—9 °C температурине тӳсет, 2-3° С сивлек тулă калчисене пачах пĕтерет.
== Истори ==
Хура тулă ахалли 6 пин çул маларах [[Кантăр-Тухăç Ази]]ре палăрнă, унтан анăçалла саралнă: [[Европа|Европăна]], [[Вăтам Ази]]не, кайран — [[Тибет]]пе [[Китай]]а.
== Тĕсĕсем ==
[[The Plant List]] сайта тĕпе хурса хатĕрленĕ(''TPL'')<ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Polygonaceae/Fagopyrum/ Список видов рода Гречиха на сайте The Plant List]{{ref-en}} {{V|05|02|2012}}</ref>:
<div class="references" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;">
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum acutatum|aut=([[Lehm.]]) [[Mansf.]] ex [[K.Hammer]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum callianthum|aut=[[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum capillatum|aut=[[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum caudatum|aut=([[Sam.]]) [[A.J.Li]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum densivillosum|aut=[[J.L.Liu]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum esculentum|aut=[[Moench]]|Ахаль хура тулă}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum gilesii|aut=([[Hemsl.]]) [[Hedberg]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum giraldii|aut=([[Dammer]] & [[Diels]]) [[Haraldson]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum gracilipedoides|aut=[[Ohsako]] & [[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum gracilipes|aut=([[Hemsl.]]) [[Dammer]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum homotropicum|aut=[[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum jinshaense|aut=[[Ohsako]] & [[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum kashmirianum|aut=[[Munshi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum ×kuntzei|aut=[[Бек, Гюнтер|Beck]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum leptopodum|aut=([[Diels]]) [[Hedberg]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum lineare|aut=([[Sam.]]) [[Haraldson]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum macrocarpum|aut=[[Ohsako]] & [[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum megacarpum|aut=[[H.Hara]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum pleioramosum|aut=[[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum rubrifolium|aut=[[Ohsako]] & [[Ohnishi]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum statice|aut=([[H.Lév.]]) [[Gross]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum tataricum|aut=([[L.]]) [[Gaertn.]]|Хир хура тулĕ}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum urophyllum|aut=([[Bureau]] & [[Franch.]]) [[Gross]]|}}
* {{Bt-latrus|Fagopyrum zuogongense|aut=[[Q.F.Chen]]|}}
</div>
=== Ахаль хура тулă ===
[[Ӳкерчĕк:Grechiha pole.jpg|thumb|right|267px|Хура тулă уйĕ, Волгоград облаçĕ]]
[[Ӳкерчĕк:Grechka.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Хура тулă]]
== Туса илни ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" align=center
! colspan=15|Туса илни (пин тонн)
|-
! Патшалăх !! 1965 !! 1970 !! 1975 !! 1980 !! 1985 !! 1990 !! 1995 !! 2000 !! 2005 !! 2006 !! 2007 !! 2008 !! 2009 !! 2010
|-
| {{CHN}} || align="center" | {{nts|1700}} || align="center" | {{nts|1900}} || align="center" | {{nts|2700}} || align="center" | {{nts|2150}} || align="center" | {{nts|2100}} || align="center" | {{nts|1900}} || align="center" | {{nts|2200}} || align="center" | {{nts|1950}} || align="center" | {{nts|750}} || align="center" | {{nts|500}} || align="center" | {{nts|650}} || align="center" | {{nts|600}} || align="center" | {{nts|570}} || align="center" | {{nts|590}}
|-
| {{RUS}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | {{nts|597}} || align="center" | {{nts|998}} || align="center" | {{nts|606}} || align="center" | {{nts|865}} || align="center" | {{nts|1004}} || align="center" | {{nts|924}} || align="center" | {{nts|564}} || align="center" | {{nts|339}}
|-
| {{UKR}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | {{nts|340}} || align="center" | {{nts|481}} || align="center" | {{nts|275}} || align="center" | {{nts|229}} || align="center" | {{nts|217}} || align="center" | {{nts|241}} || align="center" | {{nts|189}} || align="center" | {{nts|134}}
|-
| {{FRA}} || align="center" | {{nts|34}} || align="center" | {{nts|18}} || align="center" | {{nts|13}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}} || align="center" | {{nts|22}} || align="center" | {{nts|16}} || align="center" | {{nts|37}} || align="center" | {{nts|124}} || align="center" | {{nts|87}} || align="center" | {{nts|117}} || align="center" | {{nts|98}} || align="center" | {{nts|114}} || align="center" | {{nts|126}}
|-
| {{USA}} || align="center" | {{nts|9}} || align="center" | {{nts|20}} || align="center" | {{nts|20}} || align="center" | {{nts|45}} || align="center" | {{nts|78}} || align="center" | {{nts|123}} || align="center" | {{nts|82}} || align="center" | {{nts|65}} || align="center" | {{nts|70}} || align="center" | {{nts|66}} || align="center" | {{nts|68}} || align="center" | {{nts|83}} || align="center" | {{nts|86}} || align="center" | {{nts|83}}
|-
| {{POL}} || align="center" | {{nts|47}} || align="center" | {{nts|52}} || align="center" | {{nts|20}} || align="center" | {{nts|99}} || align="center" | {{nts|39}} || align="center" | {{nts|42}} || align="center" | {{nts|45}} || align="center" | {{nts|73}} || align="center" | {{nts|72}} || align="center" | {{nts|54}} || align="center" | {{nts|84}} || align="center" | {{nts|69}} || align="center" | {{nts|81}} || align="center" | {{nts|74}}
|-
| {{BRA}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}} || align="center" | {{nts|10}} || align="center" | {{nts|46}} || align="center" | {{nts|27}} || align="center" | {{nts|30}} || align="center" | {{nts|52}} || align="center" | {{nts|50}} || align="center" | {{nts|46}} || align="center" | {{nts|50}} || align="center" | {{nts|51}} || align="center" | {{nts|52}} || align="center" | {{nts|60}} || align="center" | {{nts|53}} || align="center" | {{nts|57}}
|-
| {{JPN}} || align="center" | {{nts|30}} || align="center" | {{nts|17}} || align="center" | {{nts|21}} || align="center" | {{nts|16}} || align="center" | {{nts|17}} || align="center" | {{nts|21}} || align="center" | {{nts|21}} || align="center" | {{nts|28}} || align="center" | {{nts|31}} || align="center" | {{nts|33}} || align="center" | {{nts|26}} || align="center" | {{nts|23}} || align="center" | {{nts|15}} || align="center" | {{nts|30}}
|-
| {{KAZ}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | {{nts|53}} || align="center" | {{nts|29}} || align="center" | {{nts|44}} || align="center" | {{nts|59}} || align="center" | {{nts|81}} || align="center" | {{nts|68}} || align="center" | {{nts|62}} || align="center" | {{nts|27}}
|-
| {{BLR}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | {{nts|14}} || align="center" | {{nts|18}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|13}} || align="center" | {{nts|18}} || align="center" | {{nts|19}} || align="center" | {{nts|18}}
|-
| {{LTU}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | {{nts|0,6}} || align="center" | {{nts|15}} || align="center" | {{nts|16}} || align="center" | {{nts|9}} || align="center" | {{nts|21}} || align="center" | {{nts|21}} || align="center" | {{nts|15}} || align="center" | {{nts|14}}
|-
| {{TZA}} || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | н/д || align="center" | {{nts|4}} || align="center" | {{nts|4}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}} || align="center" | {{nts|8}} || align="center" | {{nts|8}}
|-
| {{LVA}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | {{nts|0,04}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}} || align="center" | {{nts|10}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|11}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}}
|-
| {{BTN}} || align="center" | {{nts|3}} || align="center" | {{nts|4}} || align="center" | {{nts|4}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|8}} || align="center" | {{nts|6}} || align="center" | {{nts|3}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|8}} || align="center" | {{nts|8}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|4}} || align="center" | {{nts|4}}
|-
| {{CAN}} || align="center" | {{nts|19}} || align="center" | {{nts|62}} || align="center" | {{nts|22}} || align="center" | {{nts|26}} || align="center" | {{nts|22}} || align="center" | {{nts|31}} || align="center" | {{nts|21}} || align="center" | {{nts|14}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}} || align="center" | {{nts|3}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}} || align="center" | {{nts|3}}
|-
| {{KOR}} || align="center" | {{nts|10}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|4}} || align="center" | {{nts|8}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|5}} || align="center" | {{nts|7}} || align="center" | {{nts|3}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}} || align="center" | {{nts|3}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}} || align="center" | {{nts|2}}
|-
| {{USSR}} || align="center" | {{nts|817}} || align="center" | {{nts|930}} || align="center" | {{nts|420}} || align="center" | {{nts|871}} || align="center" | {{nts|1000}} || align="center" | {{nts|1417}} || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | - || align="center" | -
|- class="sortbottom"
| '''Весь мир''' || align="center" | {{nts|2695}} || align="center" | {{nts|3028}} || align="center" | {{nts|3292}} || align="center" | {{nts|3260}} || align="center" | {{nts|3310}} || align="center" | {{nts|3622}} || align="center" | {{nts|3471}} || align="center" | {{nts|3778}} || align="center" | {{nts|2078}} || align="center" | {{nts|1993}} || align="center" | {{nts|2369}} || align="center" | {{nts|2181}} || align="center" | {{nts|1794}} || align="center" | {{nts|1518}}
|}
== Çавăн пекех пăхăр ==
[[Ясмăк]], [[Пăрçа]], [[Шалçа пăрçи]] [[Тулă]], [[Сĕлĕ]], [[Кукурусă]], [[Рапсă]], [[Вир]], [[Ыраш]], [[Рис]], [[Урпа]].
==Асăрхавсем==
{{асăрхавсем}}
==Вуламалли==
* {{кĕнеке|автор=Куданова З.М.|пуçелĕк= Определитель высших растений Чувашской АССР|ссылка=|место=Чебоксары|издательство= Чуваш. кн.изд-во. |год=1965|страницы=136-137|isbn=}}
* {{ВТ-ЭСБЕ|Гречиха}}
* {{кĕнеке|автор=Похлёбкин В. В.|часть=Тяжёлая судьба русской гречихи|пуçелĕк=История важнейших пищевых продуктов|ссылка часть=http://nature-home.ru/kvasnina/gurman/historigrech.html|место=М.|издательство=Центрполиграф|год=2008|страниц=553|isbn=5-9524-1255-6}}
[[Категори:Хура тулăллисем]]
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